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世界即将进入新的世纪,中国进行了深远意义的变革——国有企业改革和政府机构的改革。为了搞好国有企业的改革,政府要转变职能,企业要转变经营机制、明晰产权、实行兼并、破产等;建立现代企业制度以适应新形势的需要。在国有企业改革过程中,有大量的下岗人员需要再就业。截止1997年9月,我国的失业率高达4％,同上一年年底相比,失业率上升了一个百分点,此外为失业的后备军,暂时下岗者高达1000万人,1998年初约1500万人,而我们没有建立相应完善的社会保障制度。再就业搞不好势必造成社会的不稳定,政治的不稳定,所以再就业工程搞得好坏决定着国企改革的成败。 政府机构臃肿,国家财政的大部分用在人头上,成为“吃饭的财政”。政府机构也在接受市场经济的考验,人们需要的是一个
The world is about to enter a new century. China has taken far-reaching changes: the reform of state-owned enterprises and the reform of government agencies. In order to do a good job in the reform of state-owned enterprises, the government should change its functions. Enterprises should change their management mechanisms, clarify their property rights, implement mergers and bankruptcies, and establish a modern enterprise system to meet the needs of the new situation. In the course of the reform of state-owned enterprises, a large number of laid-off workers need to re-employ. As of September 1997, the unemployment rate in our country was as high as 4%. Compared with the end of last year, the unemployment rate rose by 1%. In addition, it was an unemployed reserve army with up to 10 million people temporarily laid off and about 15 million people in early 1998. We have not established a correspondingly perfect social security system. If reemployment is not done well, it will inevitably lead to social instability and political instability, so the success or failure of the reemployment project will determine the success or failure of state-owned enterprise reform. Government agencies are bloated, and most of the state’s finances are spent on human resources and become “a fiscal meal.” Government agencies are also testing the market economy. What people need is one