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利用澜沧江流域11个基本未受人类活动干扰水文站的水温观测资料(20世纪60年代),分析了澜沧江水温的时空变化,并利用20世纪80年代后的澜沧江下游(允景洪站)的水温与下湄公河水温(清盛站)进行了比较,探讨了澜沧江下游与下湄公河水温的变化趋势.经过分析发现:澜沧江上、下游的水温变化较大,明显受到纬度的影响,其效应干季大于雨季,冬季大于夏季;平均最低水温受纬度的影响最大,而平均最高水温的影响最小.由此可以认为:澜沧江由于受到河道准南北走向的影响,水温变化较大.另外,通过对澜沧江下游的允景洪站和下湄公河的清盛站近期的水温极其变化趋势的比较分析,发现:允景洪站与清盛站的水温差值是趋于减小.不论是干季、雨季还是年平均,允景洪站的水温趋于弱上升趋势;而清盛站的水温则有明显的降温趋势,由此造成了两站间的水温差异呈现减小趋势.这种相反的变化趋势表明,下湄公河的水温变化与澜沧江出境水温变化关联较弱,更多受区域来水水温和地方气候变化影响.
Based on 11 observations of water temperature in the Lancang River basin that were not disturbed by human activities (1960s), the spatio-temporal variations of the Lancang River water temperature were analyzed. Taking advantage of the water temperature of the lower reaches of the Lancang River (Yunjinghong Station) after the 1980s And the Lower Mekong Water Temperature (Qingsheng Station), and discussed the trend of the water temperature in the lower Lancang River and the Lower Mekong River.It is found that the water temperature in the upper and lower reaches of the Lancang River changes greatly and is obviously affected by the latitude, and its effect is greater than that in the rainy season , The winter is greater than the summer, the mean minimum temperature is the most affected by latitude, and the average maximum water temperature is the least, which shows that the Lancang River has a great change in water temperature due to the quasi-north-south direction of the river. Jinghong Station and the Lower Mekong River near the recent clear temperature changes in the water temperature comparison and found that: Yunjinghong Station and the Ching Sheng Station water temperature is to reduce the temperature difference between the dry season, rainy season or average, Yun King The water temperature in Hongzhan tended to weaken upward while the temperature in Ching Shing station markedly decreased, which resulted in the decrease of water temperature difference between the two stations This opposite tendency shows that the variation of the water temperature in the Lower Mekong and that of the Lancang River is weaker than that in the Lancang River and more influenced by the water temperature in the region and the local climate change.