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通过对小流域的自然和社会经济等方面的调查勘测,对流域的土地利用情况和水土流失情况进行了分析。研究结果表明,蜂蜜河小流域土地总面积6 707.92hm2,耕地3 302.65hm2,林地2 723hm2,小流域水土流失总面积3 263.02hm2,占土地总面积的49.24%。水土流失主要发生在坡耕地中,占耕地总面积的91.5%。水土流失类型为水蚀,土壤侵蚀模数为2 365t km-2a-1,侵蚀级别为中度级侵蚀,每年流失表土约8.37万t。水土流失产生6条侵蚀沟,总长4 020m,沟壑密度0.12km km-2。根据实际调查的情况和资料,提出坡耕地面蚀治理采用设置山坡截流沟并配合截流沟埂防护林,秸秆还田、深松、垄向区田和施生物菌肥等方法。侵蚀沟可以采用削坡、秸秆填沟和沟底造林的措施。研究成果为蜂蜜河小流域的水土流失治理和农业发展提供了支撑。
Through the investigation of natural and socio-economic aspects of small watershed, the land use and water and soil loss in the basin are analyzed. The results showed that the total land area of the honey beehive watershed was 6 707.92hm2, the land area was 3 302.65hm2, and the forest land was 2 723hm2. The total area of soil erosion in the small watershed was 3 263.02hm2, accounting for 49.24% of the total land area. Soil erosion mainly occurs in slope farmland, accounting for 91.5% of the total cultivated land. The type of water and soil loss is water erosion, the soil erosion modulus is 2 365 t km-2a-1, the erosion level is moderate erosion, and the annual loss of topsoil is about 83 700 t. There are 6 erosion ditches in soil and water loss, with a total length of 4 020m and gully density of 0.12km km-2. According to the actual situation and data, it is proposed that slope erosion control should adopt the method of setting hillside cutoff ditches and cooperating with cutoff ditch shelterbelts, shelterbelts, straw returning, subsoiling and furrowing. Erosion ditches can be cut slope, straw ditch and ditch afforestation measures. The research results provide the support for soil erosion control and agricultural development in the honey river small watershed.