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本文时八个煤矿采煤工尘肺进行了流行病学调查,发现各煤矿间尘肺发病情况极不平衡(0.4～23.2%)。其原因较为复杂,不能用单一因素解释,其中煤尘浓度的高低、接尘工龄的长短和煤尘中SiO_2含量的多少是主要原因。煤的变质程度、煤尘中元素含量、煤尘分散度等也影响采煤工尘肺的发生和发展。在含碳量高、含水量少的无烟煤矿及某些地质条件复杂的烟煤矿,应加强监测及采取强有力的措施,以控制尘肺的发生和发展。
In this paper, eight coal miners pneumoconiosis epidemiological survey found that the incidence of pneumoconiosis among coal mines is extremely unbalanced (0.4 ~ 23.2%). The reason is more complex and can not be explained by a single factor. The main reason is the concentration of coal dust, the length of the dusting service and the amount of SiO 2 in coal dust. The degree of deterioration of coal, coal dust elemental content, coal dust dispersion degree also affect the occurrence and development of coal miners pneumoconiosis. In anthracite coal mines with high carbon content and low water content and some bituminous coal mines with complicated geological conditions, we should step up monitoring and adopt strong measures to control the occurrence and development of pneumoconiosis.