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目的:探讨急性高容量血液稀释(AHH)联合控制性降压(CH)对老年骨科手术患者术后简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分及血清S-100β蛋白水平的影响.方法:将70例老年骨科择期手术患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组35例.观察组应用6％羟乙基淀粉130/0.4行AHH,输注量为全身血容量的20％,同时静脉泵入硝普钠进行CH,速度为1 μg · kg-1 · min-1,控制平均动脉压(MAP)在65～75 mmHg.对照组不进行AHH和CH.记录2组患者术中出血量、异体输血量及尿量;观察2组患者术前、手术进行后1 h、术毕及术后12 h的MAP、心率(HR)、中心静脉压(CVP)等血流动力学指标;于术前、术后1 d和术后3 d对2组患者进行MMSE评分和血清S-100β蛋白含量测定.结果:①观察组术中失血量和异体血输注量明显少于对照组(P＜ 0.05),尿量明显多于对照组(P＜0.05).②观察组术毕时MAP较术前降低(P＜0.05),手术开始后1 h时CVP较术前及对照组升高(P＜0.05),但均在正常范围内.③与术前比较,2组术后1 d的MMSE评分明显降低(P＜ 0.05),术后3 d有所恢复.2组术后1 d和术后3 d的S-100β蛋白水平较术前明显升高,但观察组升高幅度低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:AHH联合CH可明显减少老年骨科手术患者的术中失血量和异体血输注量,降低术后认知功能障碍发生的风险.“,”Objective : To explore the influence of acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHH) combined with controlled hypotension(CH) on mini-mental state examination( MMSE) score and serum level of S-100β protein in elderly patients with orthopedic surgery. Method: A total of 70 cases of elderly patients with orthopedic surgery were divided randomly into observation group and control group, 35 cases in each group. The patients in observation group were infused 6 ％ hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4,so that blood volume increased by about 20 ％,and CH was induced with sodium nitrate at a rate of 1 μg/(kg · min), and to keep mean arterial pressure( MAP) at 65 to 75 mmHg. The patients in control group were not received AHH and CH. Intraoperative blood volume,allogeneic blood transfusion and urine volume were recorded in two groups. MAP,heart rate(HR)and central venous pressure(CVP)at preoperative, 1 h after surgery, end of operation and 12 h after surgery were recorded in two groups. MMSE score and serum level of S-100β protein at preoperative,1 d and 3 d after surgery were determined in two groups. Result:①The blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion in observation group were lower significantly than those in control group(P＜0.05),and the urine volume was higher significantly than that in control group(P＜0.05). ②In observation group, MAP at end of operation was lower than that at preoperative(P＜0.05), and CVP at 1 d after surgery was higher than that at preoperative and in control group(P＜0.05),but was in normal range.③Compared with that at preoperative, MMSE score at 1 d after surgery was decreased significantly (P＜0.05) in two groups, recovered at 3 d after surgery. The serum levels of S-100β protein at 1 d and 3 d after surgery was higher significantly than that at preoperative in two groups,but the ascending range in observation group was lower than that in control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion: AHH combined with CH can reduce significantly the intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion in elderly patients with orthopaedic surgery,and reduce the risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.