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鉴赏文学作品,有它的客观性,也有它的主观性,有它的原则性,也有它的灵活性。事物本身存在着辩证法。所谓客观性、原则性,即指文学本身应当而且必须是功利主义的,是服务社会服务人生、鼓励社会鼓励人生的。那些济世匡时,忧国忧民,揭发时弊,关心民瘼,抵御侵略,发展生产,向往和平幸福,歌颂坚贞纯洁,等等,永远是文学作品的主题所在。所谓主观性、灵活性,是指欣赏者所处时代不同,环境不同,经历不同,观点不同,个性不同,素质不同,兴趣不同,角度不同,知
Appreciating literary works has its objectivity, its subjectivity, its principle, and its flexibility. There is dialectics in things. The so-called objective and principled nature means that literature itself should and must be utilitarian. It is a service to the community to serve human life and encourage society to encourage life. When those people are resolute, they worry about the country and the people. They expose the shortcomings, care about the people, defend against aggression, develop production, yearn for peace and happiness, praise for purity and purity, etc. They are always the subject of literary works. Subjectivity and flexibility mean that the viewers are in different times, different environments, different experiences, different opinions, different personalities, different qualities, different interests, and different perspectives.