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目的分析急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)患儿肺炎支原体(MP)、肺炎衣原体(CP)的感染分布特点,为ARTI的防治提供参考。方法 ARTI住院患儿545例,留取血液标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定MP-IgM和CPIgM,分析MP和CP感染情况。结果545例ARTI患儿中,MP-IgM、CP-IgM-和MP+CP-IgM阳性率分别为28.07%(153/545)、13.21%(72/545)和8.81%(48/545),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);依据抗体检测结果确定春、夏、秋、冬季ARTI患儿MP感染率分别为19.83%、19.55%、36.84%和33.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);同一季节,同性别、同年龄组以及相同疾病类型患儿均以MP感染率较高(P<0.05),男、女患儿间MP、CP、MP+CP感染率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);6~14岁患儿MP、CP、MP+CP感染率分别为44.81%、23.38%和13.64%与其他年龄组患儿比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺炎患儿MP感染率为52.17%,与其他疾病类型患儿感染率15.12%~34.62%比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 MP、CP均是引起儿童ARTI的重要病原体,其中以MP感染为主。MP感染呈现季节性和年龄差异。
Objective To analyze the distribution of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) in children with acute respiratory infection (ARTI) and provide references for the prevention and treatment of ARTI. Methods 545 hospitalized children with ARTI were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were taken and MP-IgM and CPIgM were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). MP and CP infection were analyzed. Results The positive rates of MP-IgM, CP-IgM- and MP + CP-IgM in 545 ARTI children were 28.07% (153/545), 13.21% (72/545) and 8.81% (48/545) (P <0.05). According to the results of antibody test, the MP infection rates of children with ARTI in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 19.83%, 19.55%, 36.84% and 33.33% respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). In the same season, the prevalences of MP infection in the same sex, same age group and children with the same disease type were higher (P <0.05), but there was no difference in the infection rates of MP, CP and MP + CP between male and female children (P> 0.05). The infection rates of MP, CP and MP + CP in children aged 6-14 years were 44.81%, 23.38% and 13.64%, respectively, which were significantly different from those in other age groups (P < 0.05). The prevalence of MP infection in children with pneumonia was 52.17%, which was significantly different from that in other diseases (15.12% -34.62%) (P <0.05). Conclusion Both MP and CP are important pathogens causing ARTI in children, of which MP infection is the most common. MP infection presents seasonal and age differences.