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2006年出台的“限户型政策”要求新建商品房项目90平方米以下的户型面积必须占开发建设总面积70%以上,以抑制房价过快上涨。本文通过一个静态模型及垄断竞争的动态模型表明,该政策的收益有限。在此政策下,对大户型的相当部分消费需求将被挤压至小户型市场,而开发商的建筑成本将上升。该政策的副作用包括:在短期内,一刀切的“限户型政策”难以适应全国各地对不同户型的需求,反而导致规避成本、行政成本与消费者效用损失;长期而言,当小户型的所有者要升级时,大户型将面临短缺。
The “Restricted Policy” promulgated in 2006 requires that the floor area of newly-built commercial housing projects below 90 square meters must account for more than 70% of the total area under development and construction so as to curb the excessive rise in house prices. Through a static model and a dynamic model of monopolistic competition, this paper shows that the benefits of this policy are limited. Under this policy, a large part of the large-scale consumer demand will be squeezed into the small apartment market, while the developer’s construction costs will rise. The policy’s side effects include: In a short period of time, the one-size-farefluctuate policy is difficult to adapt to the demand of different types of units in different parts of the country, which in turn leads to the avoidance of costs, administrative costs and the loss of consumer utility. In the long run, Large owners will face shortages when owners want to upgrade.