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凡是到罗马观光的游客,总要前往梵蒂冈游览,犹如到北京观光必定游览故宫一样。梵蒂冈之所以吸引人,是由于它拥有世界上最宏伟的建筑——圣彼得教堂和收藏有大量稀世珍品的博物馆,以及那神秘的宗教色彩。 “城中之国” 梵蒂冈位于罗马城西北角上,占地约有44公顷,四周有高厚的围墙包围,形成了“城中之国”。在历史上,“教皇国”鼎盛时期,即公元十一世纪,它的直辖地包括罗马以及意大利中部大片土地,总面积超过4万平方公里。直到公元1820年,意大利完成了国家统一,收复了教皇占领的罗马及其他国土,教皇被迫退居梵蒂冈,他的世俗权也被剥夺了。公元1929年,墨索里尼同教皇签订了拉特兰条约,承认梵蒂冈为“主权国家”,意政府拨款3900万美元,作为对教廷的赔偿。
Visitors to Rome sightseeing, always go to visit the Vatican, as if to visit Beijing must visit the Forbidden City. The Vatican is attractive because it owns the most magnificent buildings in the world - the Church of St. Peter and the Museum, which contains a large number of rare treasures, as well as the mysterious religious colors. “Country of the Vatican” The Vatican is located on the northwest corner of the city of Rome, covering an area of about 44 hectares surrounded by thick walls and forming the “city of the city.” Historically, the heyday of the “Papal Kingdom”, the eleventh century AD, has included its vast territory of Rome and the vast central Italy with a total area of more than 40,000 square kilometers. Until 1820, Italy completed the reunification of the country, restored the Pope’s occupation of Rome and other territories, and the Pope was forced to retreat to the Vatican. His secular rights were also denied. In 1929, Mussolini signed the Treaty of Rutland with the Pope, recognizing the Vatican as a “sovereign state,” and the Italian government allocated 39 million U.S. dollars as compensation to the Holy See.