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风荷载是冷却塔设计的控制荷载,完全气动弹性模型风洞试验是研究其风致响应的有效途径。基于此,推导了冷却塔完全气动弹性模型相似关系并用有限元分析方法予以验证,据此相似关系设计并制作了某核电站200 m高超大型冷却塔的1∶400完全气动弹性模型,并在风洞中模拟的B类风场对其风致响应进行测试,试验前对模型的动力特性进行检验。试验结果表明:完全气动弹性模型能较为精确模拟冷却塔结构的质量、刚度和阻尼相似;迎风面的风致变形较大,而其中又以喉部附近最大;背景响应占总响应的主导地位,动力放大效应不明显;风振系数值随高度的增加而减小,各控制点风振系数均值略小于DL/T 5339—2006《火力发电厂水工设计规范》规定值。
The wind load is the control load of the cooling tower design. The aeroelastic model wind tunnel test is an effective way to study the wind-induced response. Based on this, the similarity relation of complete aeroelastic model of cooling tower is deduced and verified by finite element analysis. According to the similarity relationship, a 1: 400 full aeroelastic model of a 200 m super large cooling tower of a nuclear power plant is designed and produced. The wind-induced response was tested in a Class B wind field simulated in the model. The dynamic characteristics of the model were tested before the test. The experimental results show that the full aeroelastic model can simulate the quality of the cooling tower structure more precisely, with similar stiffness and damping. The wind induced deformation on the windward side is larger, while the maximum around the throat is the largest. The background response is dominated by the total response, The amplification effect is not obvious; the value of wind-induced vibration coefficient decreases with the increase of height, and the mean value of wind-induced vibration coefficient at each control point is slightly smaller than the value specified in DL / T 5339-2006 “Code for Hydraulic Design of Thermal Power Plants”.