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DMSO是一种强极性非质子溶剂,它能使纤维素强烈膨润,可减弱纤维素分子链之间的氢键作用,因此,已被用作纤维素的溶剂。将DMSO引入到天然纤维苧麻中去,以改变苧麻纤维的超分子结构,达到既保持苧麻纤维的原有优点,又能改善其不良性能的目的。研究了不同的DMSO—NaOH组成对苧麻纤维的处理,采用X-衍射仪、电子显微镜、红外光谱仪及化学分析方法测试分析纤维的形态、结构变化和机械性能的变化。研究结果表明,伸长度从5—7％提高到15—30％;密度由1.5330下降到1.50—1.48;水保留值由36.62％提高到50—58％;结晶度由92％下降到84％左右;取向度由91％下降到80—83％;纤维素Ⅰ的特征峰转变为纤维素Ⅱ的特征峰;微纤维的平行结构变成网状结构;纤维的空腔增大。由于发生上述变化,苧麻纤维性能有较大的提高,尤其对耐疲劳性能有大幅度的提高。
DMSO is a strongly polar aprotic solvent that makes cellulose strongly swollen and weakens hydrogen bonds between cellulose molecular chains and therefore has been used as a solvent for cellulose. The introduction of DMSO into the natural fiber ramie to change the ramie fiber supramolecular structure, to achieve both the original advantages of ramie fiber to maintain, but also to improve its poor performance purposes. The effects of different DMSO-NaOH compositions on the treatment of ramie fiber were studied. The morphology, structure and mechanical properties of the fiber were tested by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and chemical analysis. The results showed that the elongation increased from 5-7% to 15-30%, the density decreased from 1.5330 to 1.50-1.48, the water retention increased from 36.62% to 50-58%, and the crystallinity decreased from 92% to 84% ; The degree of orientation decreased from 91% to 80-83%; the characteristic peak of cellulose Ⅰ changed to the characteristic peak of cellulose Ⅱ; the parallel structure of microfibrils became a network structure; and the cavity of fibers increased. Due to the above changes, the properties of ramie fiber have been greatly improved, especially the fatigue resistance has been greatly improved.