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目的了解哈尔滨市一般人群中甲型H1N1流感的感染情况及分布。方法采用常规血凝抑制实验微量半加敏法对哈尔滨市一般人群进行甲型H1N1流感抗体水平检测。结果在252份血清标本中,甲型H1N1流感病毒HI抗体滴度≥1:40的91份,抗体阳性率为36.11%(91/252)。其中,15～24岁年龄组抗体阳性率最高,为62.00%;60岁以上的年龄组抗体阳性率最低,为8.00%。在感染者中,15～59岁的青壮年居多,占58.24%;感染率无性别显著差异(P>0.05);但在职业分布上有统计学显著差异,医务人员感染率最高,为72.22%,其次为学生,抗体阳性率为50.51%,HI滴度≥1:160新近感染者中学生居多,占81.25%;甲型H1N1多伴有发热症状,有无发热史对感染率有显著影响(P<0.05),近一个月内有发热史的,甲型H1N1流感抗体阳性率为60.61%,而无发热史的抗体阳性率仅为32.42%。结论甲型H1N1流感已经在黑龙江省流行,一般人群的感染率为36.11%,有可能还会出现暴发流行疫情;0～4岁的幼儿和60岁以上的老年人感染率均低于30%,易发生流行,应重点防护。
Objective To understand the prevalence and distribution of influenza A (H1N1) in the general population in Harbin. Methods To detect the level of influenza A (H1N1) antibody in the general population in Harbin using conventional hemagglutination inhibition microdialysis method. Results Of the 252 serum samples, 91 were positive for HI antibody titer ≥1: 40 and the positive rate was 36.11% (91/252). Among them, the highest positive rate was 62.00% in the age group of 15-24 years, and the lowest positive rate was 8.00% in the group over 60 years old. Among the infected persons, the majority of young adults aged 15- 59 years old accounted for 58.24%; the infection rate was no significant difference (P> 0.05); but there was a statistically significant difference in occupational distribution, the highest rate of medical staff infection was 72.22% , Followed by students, the positive rate of antibody was 50.51%, HI titer≥1: 160, the majority of newly infected middle school students accounted for 81.25%; A H1N1 often accompanied by fever symptoms, with or without fever had a significant impact on the infection rate (P <0.05). In the past month, the positive rate of influenza A (H1N1) antibody was 60.61% and the rate of antibody without history of fever was only 32.42%. Conclusion Influenza A (H1N1) has been endemic in Heilongjiang Province. The infection rate in the general population is 36.11%, and the epidemic outbreaks are likely to occur. Infection rates of children aged 0-4 and elderly over 60 years old are all below 30% Easy to occur popular, should focus on protection.