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采用自保护药芯焊丝明弧堆焊方法在45钢表面制备了Fe-Cr-C-Nb堆焊合金,使用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、洛氏硬度计、磨损试验机等设备,研究了铌铁含量对Fe-Cr-C-Nb堆焊合金显微组织、硬度及耐磨性能的影响。研究结果表明,Fe-Cr-C-Nb堆焊合金的显微组织由γ-Fe、NbC、M7C3、M3C、和少量α-Fe组成。随着Nb元素的增加,析出的NbC总量增加并弥散分布,形态由颗粒状向树枝状演变,同时γ-Fe颗粒的生长得到抑制,从而细化了合金晶粒,提高了Fe-Cr-C-Nb堆焊合金的韧性和强度。硬度及耐磨性能试验结果表明,随着Nb含量的提高,Fe-Cr-C-Nb堆焊合金的硬度增加,耐磨性能先升高后降低。
Fe-Cr-C-Nb surfacing alloy was prepared on the surface of 45 steel by arc welding with self-shielded flux cored wire. The microstructure of Fe-Cr-C-Nb surfacing alloy was characterized by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Rockwell hardness tester and wear tester , The effect of Nb on the microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of Fe-Cr-C-Nb alloy was studied. The results show that the microstructure of the Fe-Cr-C-Nb alloy is composed of γ-Fe, NbC, M7C3, M3C and a small amount of α-Fe. With the increase of Nb, the total amount of precipitated NbC increases and disperses, and the morphology changes from granular to dendritic. At the same time, the growth of γ-Fe particles is restrained, and the grain size of the alloy is refined and the content of Fe-Cr- Toughness and strength of C-Nb surfacing alloys. The results of hardness and wear resistance test show that with the increase of Nb content, the hardness of Fe-Cr-C-Nb surfacing alloy increases and the wear resistance increases firstly and then decreases.