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以15个玉米F1代杂交种及8个亲本自交系为材料,在两种氮环境下研究了玉米雄穗分枝数的遗传力、杂种优势及亲子关系等。结果表明,玉米雄穗分枝数性状存在显著的基因型和基因型×氮水平互作差异,广义遗传力达0.52～0.86。该性状F1杂交种呈近中亲遗传和超显性遗传共存的特点,大多数组合表现出正向杂种优势。亲子相关分析表明,F1雄穗分枝数与父本、高亲值及中亲值之间相关性较高。研究结果为玉米育种关于雄穗分枝性状选择提供了一定的参考。
15 maize F1 hybrids and 8 parent inbred lines were used to study the heritability, heterosis and parent-child relationship of maize branch number in two nitrogen environments. The results showed that there were significant genotypes and genotype × nitrogen interactions in maize branch number traits, with a generalized heritability of 0.52-0.86. F1 hybrids of this trait showed the characteristics of near-pro-heredity and super-dominant genetic coexistence. Most combinations showed positive heterosis. Parent-child correlation analysis showed that there was a high correlation between the number of F1 tassel branches and the paternal, high-value and middle-value parents. The results provide some references for the selection of maize branching traits in maize breeding.