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Aim: To study the effects of 1,8-cineol (eucalyptol) on the expression of early growth response factor-1 (Egr-1) and NF-κB in the human monocyte THP-1 cell line stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Methods: The THP-1 cells were incu-bated with serial doses of 1,8-cineol (1, 10, and 100 mg/L, 30 rain) before being stimulated with LPS (1 mg/L, 30 rain). The localization of Egr-1 in the THP-1 cells was detected by immunofluorescence and a laser scanning confocal microscope.The expression of Egr- 1 in the nuclei and whole cell, and NF-κB in the nuclei, were measured by Weste blot analysis.Results: When stimulated by LPS, the FITC-labeled Egr-1 was detected mainly in the nuclei. Moreover, the expression of Egr-1 in the whole cell increased markedly compared with the control cells. 1,8-Cineol pretreatment decreased the expression of Egr-1 in both the nuclei and whole cell of the LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells, and this effect was concentration-dependent, but there was no reaction on the expression of NF-κB in the nuclei protein in the LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells.Conclusion: In a concentration-depen-dent manner, 1,8-Cineol reduces LPS-induced Egr-1 expression in nuclei and in whole cell of THP-1 cells, but shows no effect on NF-κB expression.