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普通仪器,特别是科学仪器设计的现代技术正在不断地朝着使仪器尺寸及其部件小型化的方向发展。与已宣布的具有这一趋势的电子仪器相反,在不改变图象质量的情况下,光学仪器的小型化却不易实现,由于普通光学有效球面仅有一个自由度,因此,球面的数量是由图象的性质来决定的。仅仅采用非球面和菲涅耳表面,就可以大大缩小光学部件的尺寸,因为采用了这些具有衡量表面数目的非球面和菲涅耳表面,就可以增加光学系统的自由度,而且它们具有特殊的图象特性,所以表面数目乃至尺寸缩小了。再
Modern technologies designed for general instruments, especially scientific instruments, are continually evolving toward miniaturization of instrument dimensions and their components. In contrast to the electronic devices that have been announced with this trend, the miniaturization of optical instruments is not easy to achieve without changing the image quality. Since the ordinary optical effective spherical surface has only one degree of freedom, the number of spherical surfaces is determined by The nature of the image to decide. The mere use of aspherical and Fresnel surfaces can greatly reduce the size of the optical components, since the use of these aspheric and Fresnel surfaces with a measured surface count increases the optical system’s freedom and their special Image characteristics, so the number of the surface and the size of the reduced. again