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目的研究支气管哮喘的临床急救与治疗。方法对40例诊断明确的支气管哮喘的患者给予吸氧,开辟静脉通道;经过处理后效果不显著者根据患者情况酌情皮下注射0.1%肾上腺素1 ml,待病情平稳后转送医院继续治疗。结果 40例患者经治疗后明显缓解35例,平均缓解时间20~60 min;5例患者无明显缓解,但病情有所控制,未继续加重,送入医院进一步治疗后缓解;平均住院1~5 d。结论院前急救只是急性发作的一种抢救措施,病情缓解后应根据患者发病的诱因作进一步治疗,糖皮质激素也应减量改为口服或吸入给药。而不应仅经现场急救症状缓解后就不再进行正规治疗,使病情出现反复。院前急救医护人员有责任向此类患者讲明利害关系,动员患者配合治疗,防止病情反复。
Objective To study the clinical emergency treatment and treatment of bronchial asthma. Methods 40 patients with definite bronchial asthma were given oxygen and opened up venous access. After treatment, the effect was not significant. According to the patient’s situation, 0.1 ml epinephrine was injected subcutaneously at 1 ml. When the condition was stable, the patients were transferred to the hospital for further treatment. Results After treatment, 40 patients were relieved of 35 patients and the average time to be relieved was 20-60 min. Five patients had no obvious relief, but the disease was controlled without further exacerbation. The patients were admitted to the hospital for further treatment. The average hospitalization rate was 1-5 d. Conclusion Prehospital first aid is only a rescue measure for acute attack. After remission, patients should be further treated according to the predisposing factors. Glucocorticoids should be reduced to oral or inhaled administration. And should not be treated only by the on-site first aid after the symptoms are no longer remission, so that the disease appears repeatedly. Prehospital emergency medical staff have the responsibility to explain the interests of such patients, mobilize patients with treatment, to prevent the disease from recurring.