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目的 2014年5月本实验室对北京市14家单位的啮齿类实验动物的健康状况进行病理学调查。方法采集啮齿类实验动物的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、大肠和小肠后经10%福尔马林固定,通过石蜡切片H.E.染色、冰冻切片油红O染色、PAS染色于显微镜下观察。结果绝大多数实验用鼠为健康状态,仅部分非健康动物出现不同程度的肝细胞肿胀(32.6%)、轻度肺脏病变(24%)、肾脏蛋白样渗出物和管型(13.2%)。本次抽检结果与前两年抽检结果相比较,肝脏脂肪染色阳性率(6.2%)低于2013年春秋季的17.1%和6.25%,以及2012年春秋季的26.7%和14.8%,有降低的趋势。值得引起注意的是,肾脏病变从2010年春季在小鼠(2%)和2011年春季在大鼠(20%)中偶发,发展至今,已经在小鼠(6%)、大鼠(12%)和豚鼠(20%)中普遍存在,从偶发病变发展成为常发病变,应加强防范。结论本次调查结果表明北京地区啮齿类实验动物基本为健康状态,少数动物出现组织病理学变化可能与饲养环境、饲料营养成分以及运输、处死时的应激有关,宜提高饲养管理水平和避免应激来加以改善。
Objectives In May 2014, our laboratory conducted a pathological investigation of the health status of rodents in 14 units in Beijing. Methods The heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, large intestine and small intestine of rodents were collected and fixed in 10% formalin. The cells were stained by paraffin sections of H.E. and frozen section by oil red O staining and PAS staining. Results Most of the experimental mice were healthy. Only a few non-healthy animals showed varying degrees of hepatocyte swelling (32.6%), mild lung lesions (24%), renal protein-like exudates and tube type (13.2% . Compared with the sampling results of the previous two years, the positive rate of liver fat staining (6.2%) was lower than 17.1% and 6.25% in spring and autumn 2013 and 26.7% and 14.8% in spring and autumn 2012 respectively, showing a decreasing trend. Of note, kidney disease has sporadically occurred in mice (2%) in spring 2010 and in rats (20%) in spring 2011 and has been developed in mice (6%), rats (12% ) And guinea pigs (20%) are prevalent, from occasional lesions to frequently-occurring lesions should be strengthened to prevent. Conclusion The results of this survey indicate that the rodents in Beijing are basically healthy. The histopathological changes of a few animals may be related to the feeding environment, the nutritional content of feed, and the stress at the time of transportation and sacrifice. It is advisable to raise the level of feeding and management and avoid Excitement to be improved.