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近年来,资本主义社会发生了前所未有的变化,由此,许多西方学者尤其以本·阿格尔为代表,认为马克思所提出的资本主义社会的经济危机已经过时,危机的形式已经发生了变化,生态危机取代经济危机成为当前的主要危机形式。阿格尔认为,造成生态危机的根源是异化消费,危机的实质是人的异化,企图通过“期望破灭的辩证法”来解决当前的生态危机,阿格尔的生态危机理论丰富了马克思主义危机的内容,但是其认为生态危机的根源是异化消费,消解了资本主义社会基本矛盾的理论,在一定程度上偏离了马克思主义理论,并且其解决生态危机的路径具有乌托邦的性质。
In recent years, unprecedented changes have taken place in capitalist society. Therefore, many Western scholars, notably Ben Agger, think that the economic crisis in the capitalist society proposed by Marx is outdated and the form of the crisis has changed. The ecology Crisis to replace the economic crisis has become the current main form of crisis. Agger believes that the root cause of the ecological crisis is alienation, the essence of the crisis is human alienation, the attempt to solve the current ecological crisis through the dialectic of “shattered expectations.” Agger’s ecological crisis theory enriches Marxism However, it believes that the root of the ecological crisis is the theory of dissimilated consumption and dissolving the basic contradictions of capitalist society, which deviated from the Marxist theory to a certain extent and that the path of solving the ecological crisis has the utopian character.