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目的探讨消化道肿瘤患者医院感染的危险因素,并调查其抗菌药物使用情况,为治疗提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2010年1月-2012年12月在医院住院治疗的380例原发性消化道肿瘤患者临床资料,分析其感染因素,采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果发生医院感染100例、118例次,感染率为26.3%、例次感染率31.1%;感染部位以呼吸道为主,共49例占41.5%,共检出57株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌为主,共37株占64.9%;患者年龄≥75岁、住院天数≥30d、行放化疗、营养状态差、合并糖尿病、临床分期Ⅲ、Ⅳ期及有侵入性操作为感染的相关危险因素(P<0.05);调查分析医院存在抗菌药物使用存在剂型不合适、经验用药多、联合用药多等问题。结论为减少医院感染的发生,应针对危险因素采取相应的预防控制措施。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of nosocomial infections in patients with gastrointestinal cancer and to investigate the use of antibacterials for reference. Methods The clinical data of 380 patients with primary gastrointestinal cancer hospitalized in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The factors of infection were analyzed and analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software. Results There were 100 cases of nosocomial infection and 118 cases of nosocomial infection. The infection rate was 26.3% and the infection rate was 31.1%. The main infection area was respiratory tract, with 49 cases accounting for 41.5%. 57 pathogens were detected, 37 patients accounted for 64.9%. The patients were ≥75 years old, hospitalized for more than 30 days, underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy, poor nutritional status, with diabetes, clinical stage Ⅲ, Ⅳ and related risk factors for invasive operation P <0.05); investigation and analysis of the existence of anti-bacterial drugs in hospitals there is inappropriate dosage forms, experience and more drugs, combined with medication and other issues. Conclusion To reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infections, appropriate preventive and control measures should be taken according to the risk factors.