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胡桃科８属约５０种。我国有７属２７种。半环孔或环孔材，晚材管孔多作＂之＂字形排列；木材重量中等为主，心边材区别多不明显，纹理直，结构略细或粗。导管分子穿孔板单穿孔，个别属梯形穿孔偶见，管间纹孔式互列；轴向薄壁组织离管带状（简称离带）、环管；纤维管胞；射线组织多数异形，少数同形，射线与导管间纹孔式类似管间纹孔式。胡桃科木材经济价值颇大。
Walnut 8 genus about 50 species. There are 7 genera and 27 species in our country. Half ring hole or ring hole material, Late tube hole for more “zigzag” arrangement; Medium wood weight mainly, heartwood and sapwood more obvious difference, texture straight, the structure is slightly thin or coarse. Duct perforation of the catheter a single perforation, some are trapezoidal perforation occasional, intercostal pits with each other; axial parenchyma tube strip (referred to as the band), loop tube; fiber tracheids; ray most of the shaped, a few Isomorphic, ray and intercostal pipe-like inter-groove pattern. Walnut Branch timber economy is quite large.