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南非作家库切的作品无论是从个人生活还是从社会政治环境,或是从精神困境的层面都集中关注着“夹缝中的生存”:即个人在面临强大的社会政治势力、社会偏见和精神危机的时候表现出的一种逃离式的抗争。这种抗争让人感觉到无奈,感觉到软弱,激起读者的同情,但同时也让人们感觉到这种软弱的个人抗争的努力始终存在。这样,库切就借小说中人物的命运和抗争成为了一个“言说自由与抗争”的英雄。南非作家J.M.库切带着一种独特的视角,总是将故事的主人公放在各种逆境之中。无论是社会的、政治的、还是家庭的环境,在他的笔下都表现出一种令人窒息的氛围。他选择了这种表达的空间,却没有给主人公多少选择的自由。库切笔下的主人公总是为了生存和自由而逃离。这种个体的反抗,不仅仅是库切所追求的一种表达手段,也成为了库切小说创作一个鲜明的主题。多米尼克·海德(Dominic Head)称这是一种“英雄主义的观念”(Head162),把库切说成文学中的自由言说者。无论这种说法是否恰当,但至少我们可以肯定的是:库切为了表达人性中某种崇高的东西,集中阐述了那些普通的个体在强权、战火和偏见的夹缝中寻求生存的抗争。这种抗争往往一开始就出现了,贯彻主人公的一生,生存的危机或者精神的危机笼罩住主人公个人生活和社会生活的方方面面。
The works of the South African writer Coetzee focus on the “survival in the cracks” either from the personal life or from the social and political environment, or from the mental distress level: that individuals are facing strong social and political forces, social prejudices and A kind of escape from the crisis of the spirit. This struggle makes people feel helpless, feel weak, arouse readers’ sympathy, but at the same time make people feel that such weak personal struggle persists. In this way, Coetzee became a hero of “Freedom of Speech and Resistance” through the fate and struggle of the characters in the novel. South African writer J.M. Coache holds a unique perspective and always puts the hero of the story in various adversities. No matter social, political, or family environment, in his writing all showed a suffocating atmosphere. He chose this space of expression, but did not give the hero the freedom of choice. The hero of Coetzee always fled for survival and freedom. This kind of individual resistance is not only an expression method pursued by Coetzee, but also becomes a distinctive subject of Coetzee’s novel creation. Dominic Head called this a “heroism” (Head162), describing Coetzee as a liberal speaker in literature. Whatever the case, it is certain, at least, that Coetzee, in order to express something loftier in human nature, focuses on the struggle of ordinary individuals seeking survival in the grip of power, war and prejudice. Such protests often start from the very beginning, and carry out the protagonist’s life, the crisis of survival or the crisis of spirit, covering all aspects of the protagonist’s personal life and social life.