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利用黄河源区鄂陵湖西侧野外观测站一个多雪年和一个少雪年的数据,对多雪年和少雪年土壤冻融过程及水热分布进行了对比分析。结果表明:黄河源区多雪年积雪集中时段1—3月气温明显偏低,分别比少雪年低3.04℃、3.15℃、3.58℃。多雪年1—3月地气间热交换明显弱于少雪年,且多雪年土壤由热源转为热汇的时间晚于少雪年。多雪年1月土壤净输出的热量少于少雪年1月,多雪年2—3月土壤净输出的热量多于少雪年2—3月,导致多雪年1月土壤温度高于少雪年各土层,而2—3月土壤温度明显低于少雪年,且多雪年1—3月土壤升温速度慢于少雪年,使得多雪年5~40 cm各土层土壤消融初日比少雪年分别晚24 d、23 d、11 d和12 d,从而导致多雪年土壤湿度增加晚于少雪年。
Based on the data of one snowy year and one snowy year in the field of the west of Eling Lake in the source region of Yellow River, the freezing and thawing process and the hydrothermal distribution of soils in snowy and snowy years were compared. The results show that the temperatures of January to March during the snow accumulation period in the source region of the Yellow River are obviously lower than those in the snowy years, respectively, which are 3.04 ℃, 3.15 ℃ and 3.58 ℃ respectively. The snowy January-March heat exchange was significantly weaker than that of snowy years, and the snowy years changed from heat source to heat sink later than snowy years. Snowy January net net output of less than January snowy January, snowy February to March net output of soil heat more than less snow year February to March, leading to snowy January January soil temperature is higher than Soil temperature in February-March is obviously lower than that in snowy years, and the warming rate of soil in January-March in snowy years is slower than that in snowy years, which makes the soil of 5 ~ 40cm soil layers in snowy years The initial day of ablation was 24 days, 23 days, 11 days and 12 days later than the years without snow, which resulted in the increase of soil moisture later than that of snowy years in the snowy years.