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两性霉素B具有广谱抗真菌活性,对绝大部分真菌几乎均有效,临床主要用于治疗深部真菌感染。该药自上市以来已使用了近半个世纪,但其耐药菌株仍很少见,目前仍然是真菌病治疗最有效的药物之一。然而由于两性霉素B严重的毒副作用,尤其是肾毒性,其临床应用也受到了很大限制。为改善这种情况,国内外近年来开发了一些新剂型,通过改变其在体内的分布及代谢,从而减小了毒副作用。本文对近几年来两性霉素B的制剂技术的研究进展做一综述。
Amphotericin B has a broad spectrum of antifungal activity, almost all of the most effective fungi, the main clinical treatment of deep fungal infections. The drug has been in use for nearly half a century since it was introduced, but its drug-resistant strains are still rare and are still one of the most effective drugs for mycosis treatment. However, due to the serious side effects of amphotericin B, especially nephrotoxicity, its clinical application has also been greatly restricted. In order to improve this situation, some new dosage forms have been developed at home and abroad in recent years, which have reduced the side effects by changing their distribution and metabolism in the body. This review summarizes the research progress of amphotericin B formulation technology in recent years.