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西瓜Ｓ３５１－１雄性不育材料的细胞学观察表明：与对照的同系可育株相比，败育发生在次级造孢细胞到小孢子母细胞或小孢子四分体阶段，多数不育雄花花药中绒毡层始终未分化，药壁常由７－８层细胞组成，少数不育花药中出现绒毡层徒长现象；次级造孢细胞败育不同步，出现多核及多核仁现象，败育后期，药壁细胞逐渐解体，药室瓦解，花粉囊收缩变形。由此可见：其雄性不育与绒毡层的发育异常有直接联系。
Cytological observation of watermelon S351-1 male sterile material showed that abortion occurred in the secondary sporulation cells to microspore mother cells or microspore tetrad stages when compared with the control symbiotic fertile plants. Most male sterile male flowers The tapetum in the drug is undifferentiated all the time, and the wall of the drug is often composed of 7-8 layers of cells. The tapetum only appears in a small number of sterile anthers. The secondary sporogenous cells are aborted and appear multi-core and multiple-nucleolus phenomenon. In the later period of fertility, the cells in the wall gradually disintegrated, the drug compartments collapsed, and the pollen sacs shrank and deform. This shows that: its male sterility and tapetum dysplasia are directly linked.