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[目的]初步鉴定6株放线菌种类,并测定其发酵产物的抗菌活性。[方法]采用形态学方法鉴定6株放线菌菌株种类,以抑制菌丝生长速率法、孢子萌发法、盆栽和大田试验系统测定6株放线菌菌株发酵产物的杀菌活性。[结果]形态学初步鉴定结果表明,6株菌株属于链霉菌属。生物测定结果表明,500μg/ml的6株放线菌发酵产物,对棉花枯萎病菌的菌丝生长抑制率均在90%以上;对番茄灰霉病菌、烟草赤星病菌、南瓜枯萎病菌的菌丝生长抑制率也在80%以上。其中,GZ-204和GZ-331菌株发酵产物对小麦根腐病菌和玉米弯孢叶斑病菌的孢子萌发抑制率分别为97.8%、98.2%和99.5%、94.6%。盆栽试验结果表明,GZ-204和GZ-331菌株发酵产物对小麦白粉病的保护效果分别为78.8%和87.1%,治疗效果为62.4%和68.5%。田间试验结果表明,GZ-204和GZ-331菌株发酵200倍稀释液对小麦白粉病的防治效果分别达50.5%,69.2%。[结论]研究结果为新型土壤放线菌源农药的研制奠定了基础。
[Objective] The preliminary identification of 6 strains of actinomycetes and determination of the antibacterial activity of their fermentation products. [Method] The morphology of 6 actinomycetes strains were identified by morphological method. The mycelial growth rate, spore germination, pot and field test system were used to determine the bactericidal activity of 6 strains of actinomycetes. [Result] The results of morphological preliminary identification showed that the six strains belonged to Streptomyces. The results of bioassay showed that the mycelial growth inhibition rates of 6 strains of actinomycetes with 500μg / ml were above 90%, and the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium oxysporum were more than 90% Inhibition rate is also above 80%. Among them, the spore germination inhibition rates of the fermented products of GZ-204 and GZ-331 strains were 97.8%, 98.2% and 99.5%, 94.6%, respectively. The results of pot experiment showed that the protective effects of fermentation products of GZ-204 and GZ-331 on wheat powdery mildew were 78.8% and 87.1%, respectively, and the therapeutic effects were 62.4% and 68.5%, respectively. The results of field experiments showed that the control efficacy of 200-fold dilutions of GZ-204 and GZ-331 strains on wheat powdery mildew were 50.5% and 69.2%, respectively. [Conclusion] The results laid the foundation for the development of new soil actinomycetes pesticides.