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近年发现转化生长因子 β1(TGFβ1)在糖尿病肾病发生和发展过程中起着重要作用 ,TGFβ1中和抗体抑制糖尿病肾病肾脏肥大的研究结果提示 ,TGFβ1反义基因对糖尿病肾病可能有相同作用。反义基因包括反义寡核苷酸、反义RNA和核酶。文中阐述了其抑制糖尿病肾病肾系膜增生的原理 ,并对其优越性进行比较。TGFβ1反义基因是通过在转录、翻译水平封闭TGFβ1使其表达下降。理想载体的选择 ,基因转移效率的提高和转移的特异性是糖尿病肾病基因治疗亟待解决的问题。
In recent years, it has been found that transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) plays an important role in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. The results of TGFβ1 neutralizing antibody inhibiting renal hypertrophy in diabetic nephropathy suggest that TGFβ1 antisense gene may have the same effect on diabetic nephropathy. Antisense genes include antisense oligonucleotides, antisense RNAs and ribozymes. The article describes its inhibition of diabetic nephropathy mesangial proliferation principle, and compares its superiority. The TGFβ1 antisense gene reduces its expression by blocking TGFβ1 at the transcriptional and translational level. The choice of ideal vector, the increase of gene transfer efficiency and the specificity of metastasis are problems to be solved in the gene therapy of diabetic nephropathy.