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由于技术和市场双重不确定因素的影响,致使企业研究与开发活动(R＆ D)有很高的风险性,一般情况下成功率很低。研究与开发活动的失败,一方面,由于大量资源的投入并未带来期望的收益,从而使企业蒙受直接的经济损失;另一方面,它将推迟以至打乱企业的战略发展计划,为此企业遭受的间接银失,更是难以估量。因此,降低研究与开发活动的风险度,提高其成功率成为日受关注的问题。 为了有效解决上述问题,美国管理学家巴瑞·赛达特提出“模糊控制”的思想和方法。
Due to the dual uncertainties in technology and market, enterprises have a high risk of R & D activities, and the success rate is very low under normal circumstances. On the one hand, the failure of research and development activities, on the one hand, causes direct economic losses to the enterprises due to the large amount of resources they have not brought in expected benefits; on the other hand, it will postpone and even disrupt the strategic development plans of enterprises. Indirect silver business suffered losses, it is even more difficult to measure. Therefore, reducing the risk of R & D activities and increasing their success rate has become a daily concern. In order to effectively solve the above problems, the American management scientist Barry Sai Date put forward the “fuzzy control” ideas and methods.