论文部分内容阅读
在自制的强制通风静态堆肥反应箱中,猪粪与秸秆以鲜重7∶1的比例进行了堆肥化实验,在堆制的23 d里根据堆温变化分阶段采集堆肥样品,利用MPN法测定了堆料中纤维素分解菌和氮素微生物生理群的数量变化,同时测定了相应的碳、氮含量。结果表明,纤维素分解菌在稳定腐熟阶段较多,对于后期有机碳的降解和腐殖质含量的增大起了很大的作用,在堆制的23 d里,腐殖质增加了2.4%。整个堆制过程中,氨化细菌的数量最大且与氨气释放浓度和铵态氮含量呈显著正相关,都在高温期增加,降温期后减少,氨化细菌的数量在高温期的增加率远高于降温期后的减少率,而铵态氮在高温期的增加率远低于在降温后期的减少率,铵态氮总体上减少了74.1%;亚硝化细菌数量与硝态氮呈正相关;反硝化细菌数量在降温期上升幅度较大,堆制结束时为堆制初期的13倍,且与堆肥中硝态氮含量呈正相关;硝态氮含量增加了87.5%;堆肥后期硝态氮的增加可能与堆肥中存在能进行硝化作用的反硝化细菌有关。固氮菌数量在堆制结束时达堆制初期的2.61倍,主要在降温期增加较多,对堆肥中有机氮的形成起很大作用。
In self-made forced-air static composting reaction tank, pig manure and straw were composted at a fresh weight ratio of 7: 1, and the compost samples were collected by stages according to the change of stack temperature during 23 days of composting. The MPN method was used to determine The changes of cellulosic decomposing bacteria and nitrogen microbial physiological groups in the stockpiles were analyzed, and the corresponding carbon and nitrogen contents were also determined. The results showed that the cellulolytic bacteria were stable during the maturity stage, which played a significant role in the degradation of later organic carbon and the increase of humus content. The humus increased by 2.4% in 23 days after composting. During the whole process of composting, the quantity of ammonifying bacteria was the largest and positively related to the ammonia release concentration and the content of ammonium nitrogen, both increased at high temperature and decreased after cooling, and the number of ammonifying bacteria increased at high temperature Which is much higher than that after the cooling period, while the increasing rate of NH4 + -N at high temperature is much lower than that at the latter stage of cooling. The NH4 (superscript +) decreased by 74.1% as a whole. The number of nitrosated bacteria was positively correlated with nitrate ; The number of denitrifying bacteria in the cooling period increased significantly, the end of the heap system for the initial compost 13 times, and the compost nitrate nitrogen was positively correlated; nitrate nitrogen content increased 87.5%; late nitrate compost The increase may be related to the presence of denitrifying bacteria capable of nitrification in the compost. The number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria reached 2.61 times of the initial stage of composting at the end of composting, mainly increased more during the cooling period, which played a significant role in the formation of organic nitrogen in composting.