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在密度为82 500株/hm2,通过一穴多株种植方式调整株距,设一穴一株(对照,P1)、一穴二株(P2)、一穴三株(P3)3个处理,对比分析不同处理下夏玉米的光合速率、花后叶片特性、子粒灌浆速率和穗部性状,对粒重和产量进行评价,验证在高密种植条件下调整株距能否改善夏玉米子粒灌浆和产量。研究结果表明,通过一穴多株种植方式适当扩大株距可以提高夏玉米的光合速率,改善穗部性状,延缓夏玉米花后叶面积指数和SPAD值下降以及叶片衰老,夏玉米子粒体积、粒重和灌浆速率得到显著改善。与对照P1相比,P2、P3处理的产量分别提高5.8%、4.9%。在高密种植情况下,通过一穴二株来调整株距可以延缓花后叶片衰老,从而保证子粒灌浆足够的光合面积,最终实现粒重的增加和产量的显著提高。
At the density of 82 500 plants / hm2, the plant spacing was adjusted by planting a single hole and multiple plants. One plant (control, P1), two plants per plant (P2) and three plants per plant (P3) The photosynthetic rate, post-anthesis leaf traits, grain filling rate and ear traits of summer maize were analyzed to evaluate the grain weight and yield. The results showed that adjusting the plant spacing under high density planting could improve the grain filling and yield of summer maize. The results showed that increasing the plant spacing by one hole and multiple plantations could increase the photosynthetic rate of summer maize, improve the ear traits, delay the leaf area index and SPAD value of summer maize, and the leaf senescence, summer maize kernel weight, And grouting rate was significantly improved. Compared with control P1, the yields of P2 and P3 increased by 5.8% and 4.9%, respectively. Under the condition of high density planting, adjusting the plantarment distance by one hole and two plants can delay the leaf senescence after anthesis, so as to ensure sufficient photosynthetic area of grain filling, and finally increase the grain weight and yield significantly.