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一、经济学 英国凯恩斯经济学取代了传统经济学。凯恩斯于1936年出版《就业、利息和货币通论》,创立了“新经济学”——宏观经济学体系,它在理论上否定所谓资本主义经济的完善性、和谐以及供求力量造成充分就业均衡论,强调应设法增加有效需求,西方经济理论和政策指导思想为之发生重大转折。 在美国出现的新古典综合派把静态分析转变为动态分析,在自己的微观经济理论中糅进了凯恩斯宏观经济理论,故其代表人物萨缪尔森称之为“折中的后凯恩斯学派”。 在英国,后凯恩斯学派中的佼佼者是罗宾逊为代表的新剑桥学派,它在资本、增长等理论方面与新古典综合学派
First, economics English Keynes economics replaced traditional economics. Keynes published the General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money in 1936, and founded the “New Economics,” a system of macroeconomics that in theory denied the perfection and harmony of the so-called capitalist economy and the full employment balance caused by the forces of supply and demand , Stressing that efforts should be made to increase effective demand and that there has been a major turning point in the guiding ideology of Western economic theory and policy. The neoclassical complex appearing in the United States transforms static analysis into dynamic analysis and incorporates Keynesian macroeconomic theory in its own microeconomic theory. Therefore, its representative, Samuelson, calls it the “compromised post-Keynesian school” . In the United Kingdom, the leader in the post-Keynesian school is the new Cambridge School represented by Robinson. In the theory of capital, growth and other neoclassical schools of thought