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§0 引言0.1 同源反义词是指语言中有着同一来源,具有相同或相承的语言形式,但指示着相反或对立意义的若干语词。本文试图对汉语同源反义动词的形成及演化方式做一探讨。由于历史演变,古汉语中的词在现代汉语中可能仅是一个语素,但这並不影响本文对其意义的分析。0.2 本文判断两个以上的词是否同源反义的标准是:一、语音相同或相通;二、语义相反而相通。语音是语言的物质外壳,所以第一条是同源词所必备的。但汉语历史悠久,语音经历了许多演变,“源头”的语音究竟如何,目前无法知道。一般对汉语语源的探讨,多以“先秦语音”为依据。把“造字之
§0 INTRODUCTION 0.1 Homologous antonyms are words that have the same source in the language and have the same or the same linguistic form but indicate opposite or opposite meanings. This article attempts to discuss the formation and evolution of Chinese homologous antisense verbs. Due to the historical evolution, the word in ancient Chinese may be only a morpheme in modern Chinese, but this does not affect the analysis of its meaning. 0.2 The criteria for judging whether two or more words are homologous or antisense are: First, the same pronunciation or the same pronunciation; Second, the semantics are opposite but similar. Speech is the language of the material shell, so the first one is necessary for cognate words. However, as Chinese has a long history, the speech has undergone many evolutions. At present, the speech of “the source” is not known at present. The general discussion of the Chinese source, mostly based on “Pre-Qin voice.” To "create the word