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目的了解恩施州6~24月龄婴幼儿喘息发病情况及其影响因素,为婴幼儿喘息的预防提供依据。方法采取多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,抽取1 724名婴幼儿,使用问卷调查收集婴幼儿的一般情况、家庭情况、母亲孕期状况、看护行为和喘息情况。多因素Logistic回归分析用于探索婴幼儿喘息的影响因素。结果接受调查的婴幼儿中,男女分别为897人(52.0%)和827人(48.0%),平均月龄为(14.6±5.4)个月。喘息的发生率为1.97%,男女发生率分别为2.56%和1.33%。Logistic回归分析结果显示有食物过敏史和母亲孕期有二手烟暴露是婴幼儿喘息的危险因素。结论恩施州6~24月龄婴幼儿中,食物过敏史及母亲孕期有二手烟暴露史是喘息发生的危险因素。
Objective To understand the incidence and influencing factors of wheezing in infants and young children aged 6-24 months in Enshi Autonomous Prefecture and provide the basis for the prevention of wheezing in infants and young children. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect 1 724 infants and toddlers. The questionnaire was used to collect the general situation of infants and toddlers, family status, mother’s pregnancy status, nursing behavior and wheezing. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of infant wheezing. Results Among the infants and young children surveyed, 897 (52.0%) and 827 (48.0%) were men and women, respectively, with an average monthly age of (14.6 ± 5.4) months. The incidence of wheezing was 1.97% and the incidence of males and females was 2.56% and 1.33% respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that there was a history of food allergy and exposure of second-hand smoke to the mother during pregnancy was a risk factor for wheezing in infants and young children. Conclusion The history of food allergy and the history of exposure to second-hand smoke during pregnancy in Enshi prefecture are risk factors of wheezing among infants aged 6-24 months.