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有机电致发光技术在通讯、信息、显示和照明等领域显现出巨大的商业应用前景,十几年来一直是光电信息领域的研究热点之一。相对于无机电致发光材料,有机电致发光材料具有许多优点。近年来,三苯基膦氧基团在合成高性能有机电致发光材料方面的研究吸引了大批研究者的关注。由于磷原子自身性质,可以形成5个共价键,所以膦氧基团极易和其他基团连接形成以其为核的衍生物。由于氧原子具有很强的电负性,这就使膦氧结构高度极化并具有强的吸电子性。吸电子的膦氧基团连接苯环形成的三苯基膦氧单元也具有较强的吸电子性,其对所形成的化合物的能级结构也会产生明显影响。本文从材料合成的角度综述了三苯基膦氧基团在合成高性能有机电致发光材料中的应用方面所取得的最新研究进展,重点介绍了三苯基膦氧基团在合成高性能磷光二极管主体材料、电子传输材料和单分子电致发光材料等方面的应用。最后讨论了三苯基膦氧基团在上述领域应用过程中所存在的问题和功能拓展方向,并对下一步需要研究的热点问题作了展望。
Organic electroluminescence technology has shown great commercial application prospects in the fields of communications, information, display and lighting, and has been one of the hot spots in the field of optoelectronic information for more than ten years. Organic electroluminescent materials have many advantages over inorganic electroluminescent materials. In recent years, the research of triphenylphosphine oxygen group in the synthesis of high performance organic electroluminescent materials has attracted the attention of a large number of researchers. Due to the nature of the phosphorus atom, five covalent bonds can be formed. Therefore, the phosphineoxy group can easily be linked with other groups to form a derivative thereof. Due to the strong electronegativity of oxygen atoms, this makes the phosphine oxide structure highly polarized and has strong electron-withdrawing properties. The electron-withdrawing phosphine-oxygen group attached to the benzene ring to form the triphenylphosphine oxide unit also has a strong electron-withdrawing property, which also has a significant effect on the energy level structure of the compound formed. This review summarizes recent advances in the application of triphenylphosphine oxygen groups in the synthesis of high-performance organic electroluminescent materials from the perspective of material synthesis. The application of triphenylphosphine oxygen groups in the synthesis of high performance phosphorescent Diode body materials, electron transport materials and single-molecule electroluminescent materials and other aspects of the application. Finally, the problems and functions of triphenylphosphine oxygen groups in the application of the above-mentioned fields are discussed, and the hot issues to be studied in the next step are prospected.