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目的:了解基层医疗机构与零售药店报告的药品不良反应(ADR)各自特点,为基层医疗机构、零售药店合理用药提供依据,提高公众对ADR的重视,推广ADR网络直报。方法:利用浙江省药品不良反应监测预警平台收集我区2010年度共215例ADR报告进行软件统计并比较分析。结果:医疗机构上报ADR以临床医生为主,零售药店以药师为主,两组发生ADR的性别、药品种类、联合用药、严重的ADR、转归比较中差异有统计学意义;年龄分布:19-40岁及≥65岁差异有统计学意义;给药途径:静脉注射、口服、局部外用差异有统计学意义;累及的器官及临床表现:皮肤及附件损害、消化系统症状差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在参考文献填写等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:临床医生、药师是基层单位ADR监测的主要承担人,根据医疗机构与零售药店ADR特点,突出基层医疗机构、零售药店ADR的监测重点,进一步提高ADR网络直报质量,确保公众用药的合理性和安全性。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported by grassroots medical institutions and retail pharmacies and provide evidences for rational use of drugs in primary medical institutions and retail pharmacies to improve the public’s attention to ADRs and promote ADR network direct reports. Methods: Zhejiang province ADR monitoring and early warning platform to collect a total of 215 ADR cases in our district for software statistics and comparative analysis. Results: The medical institutions reported mainly the clinicians as ADRs, and the pharmacies were mainly pharmacies for the retail pharmacies. There were significant differences in gender, type of drugs, combination therapy, severe ADR and outcome between the two groups in the incidence of ADR. The age distribution was 19 -40 and 65 years old were statistically significant; route of administration: intravenous injection, oral administration, topical use of local differences was statistically significant; involved organs and clinical manifestations: skin and attachment damage, digestive symptoms were significantly different (P <0.05). Fill in the reference and other differences were not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Clinicians and pharmacists are the main contributors to the ADR monitoring of grassroots units. According to the characteristics of ADRs in medical institutions and retail pharmacies, the monitoring focuses of primary health care institutions and retail pharmacies ADRs are highlighted. The quality of direct reports on ADRs is further improved to ensure the rational use of drugs by the public Sexuality and safety.