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本研究利用简单重复序列(simple sequence repeats,SSR)荧光标记毛细管电泳技术,对476份甘蓝型油菜核心种质和163份国家冬油菜新品种区试材料进行了遗传多样性分析,以期为甘蓝型油菜品种的选育和创新提供理论依据。结果显示:32对SSR引物共检测到106个等位变异,平均每个位点3.12个,变幅2~6个,平均多样性指数0.46,平均杂合度0.22,平均多态性信息含量(polymorphism information content,PIC)为0.38,说明参试材料具有丰富的遗传多样性。区试材料杂合度极显著高于核心种质,且有9个特有等位变异;区试材料的常规品种各项遗传多样性指标都低于杂交品种。四大洲之中亚洲材料遗传变异最丰富,有11个特有等位变异。中国材料整体遗传多样性略高于国外材料。除了平均多样性指数和平均PIC这两项指标,三种生态类型材料之中其余遗传多样性指标最高的是半冬性材料,五个时期材料之中则是21世纪材料的其余指标最高。21世纪半冬性油菜遗传变异比20世纪半冬性油菜丰富。不同大洲、不同生态类型和不同时期材料之间的杂合度差异均达到极显著。分子方差分析(analysis of molecular variance,AMOVA)结果表明,参试的甘蓝型油菜各个群体内变异均占总体变异的主体部分,为88%~97%;尽管群体间的差异所占比例小,但是仍达到极显著水平。
In this study, the genetic diversity of 476 accessions of core sample of Brassica napus L. and 163 samples of national winter rapeseed was studied by using simple sequence repeats (SSR) fluorescent labeling capillary electrophoresis. Rape varieties breeding and innovation provide the theoretical basis. The results showed that a total of 106 SSR primers detected 106 alleles with an average of 3.12 loci per locus, ranging from 2 to 6, with an average diversity index of 0.46, an average of 0.22, and an average of polymorphism information (polymorphism) information content (PIC)) was 0.38, indicating that the test material is rich in genetic diversity. The heterozygosity of the regional test material was significantly higher than that of the core germplasm, and there were 9 specific allelic variations. The genetic diversity index of the conventional test material was lower than that of the hybrid cultivars. Asia among the four continents, the most abundant genetic variation, 11 unique allelic variations. The overall genetic diversity of Chinese materials is slightly higher than that of foreign materials. In addition to the average diversity index and the average PIC two indicators of the three types of ecological materials, the highest among the remaining indicators of genetic diversity semi-winter material, five of the material is the 21st century, the highest remaining indicators. The genetic variation of semi-winter canola in the 21st century is more abundant than the semi-winter canola in the 20th century. The differences of heterozygosity among different continents, different ecotypes and different periods of materials all reach extremely significant differences. The results of analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the variation of all the tested populations in rapeseed (Brassica napus) accounted for 88% -97% of the total variation. Although the proportion of the population was small, Still reach the extremely significant level.