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本文介绍了北德精炼厂(N.A.)的铅精炼方法。原料是杂质含量(Cu、Te、As、Sb、Sn、Bi)波动范围较大的粗铅。根据这样的原料设计了工厂装置。熔析脱铜后,采用哈利斯精炼法用熔融NaOH将Te、As、Sn和Sb除去。并通过控制NaNO_3的添加量使精炼过程达到一定的选择性。另一精炼步骤是加硫脱铜。Te、As、Sn和Sb的彻底分离是在浸出车间用化学方法实现。在帕克斯法除银中,采用Howard压榨机。真空脱锌后,如果需要,加Ca、Mg除铋。在精炼末期,用NaOH和NaNO_3处理过的铅熔体脱除Ca、Mg、Zn。精炼完后,经浇铸机将精铅或铅的特殊合金铸成50公斤重的铅锭。帕克斯法中用作沉淀剂的锌,是将高品位Ag—Zn—Pb晶体加入法贝尔—杜—佛尔蒸馏罐(The Faber du Faur Retort)进行蒸馏回收得到的。Pb/Ag合金加入灰吹炉。从除铋过程产生的Ca—Mg—Bi晶体中除去Ca、Mg,并将含铋铅铸成阳极,在北德铅电解精炼车间电解,进行Pb、Bi分离。该车间还特别用来精炼未经Ca—Mg除铋过程的含铋铅。
This article describes the lead refining process at N.A. The raw material is coarse lead with a wide range of impurity content (Cu, Te, As, Sb, Sn, Bi). Based on this raw material design of the plant. After decalcification, Te, As, Sn and Sb were removed by molten NaOH using the Harris method. And by controlling the amount of NaNO_3 refining process to achieve a certain degree of selectivity. Another refining step is sulfur removal of copper. The complete separation of Te, As, Sn and Sb is achieved chemically in the leaching plant. In Parkes’ method of removing silver, Howard presses are used. Vacuum dezincification, if necessary, plus Ca, Mg addition bismuth. At the end of refining, Ca, Mg and Zn were removed with a lead melt treated with NaOH and NaNO 3. After refining, a special alloy of lead or lead is cast into a lead ingot of 50 kg by a casting machine. The zinc used as a precipitating agent in the Parkes method is recovered by adding high-grade Ag-Zn-Pb crystals to The Faber du Faur Retort. Pb / Ag alloy into the ash furnace. Ca and Mg are removed from the Ca-Mg-Bi crystal produced in addition to the bismuth process, and the bismuth-containing lead is cast as an anode, which is electrolyzed at a North Lead electrolytic refining plant to separate Pb and Bi. The shop is also specifically used to refine bismuth-containing lead that has not been bismuth-removed by Ca-Mg.