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目的 建立兔耳瘢痕动物模型 ,观察兔耳腹侧创面在伤后不同时间瘢痕增生的情况。方法 于 32只新西兰白兔的 6 0只兔耳腹面手术切除 2cm× 5cm全层皮肤 ,创面用 1%磺胺嘧啶银冷霜外敷包扎至愈合 ,换药 1次 /周。未作手术的 4只兔耳作对照。 (1)术后连续 12个月观察兔耳创面自然愈合情况。 (2 )用光镜、透射电镜观察兔耳创面瘢痕增生情况。 (3)用计算机图像分析系统测定 1～ 6个月的瘢痕指数。 结果 兔耳创面上皮化后其色泽、厚度和质地均经历从瘢痕形成、成熟到退化的演变过程 ;1～ 2个月的瘢痕指数 2 .2 9± 0 .74较 3～ 4个月 (2 .82± 0 .36 )和 5～ 6个月 (2 .90± 0 .84 )低 (P <0.0 5),其变化与瘢痕增生程度的消长趋势吻合。 结论 兔耳腹面全层皮肤缺损经自然愈合后形成的增生性瘢痕与人体增生性瘢痕相似 ,该模型是研究增生性瘢痕的发生机制及评估其治疗方法的较好的动物模型之一
Objective To establish an animal model of rabbit ear scar and observe the situation of scar hyperplasia in rabbit ear ventral wound at different time after injury. Methods The skin of 2 cm × 5 cm full thickness skin was excised from 60 ears of 32 New Zealand white rabbits. The wounds were healed by 1% sulfasalazine cold cream. The dressing was changed 1 time per week. Four rabbits without surgery were used as controls. (1) observe the natural healing of rabbit ear wounds for 12 consecutive months. (2) Using light microscope and transmission electron microscope to observe the scar proliferation in rabbit ears. (3) using a computer image analysis system for 1 to 6 months of scar index. Results The appearance, thickness and texture of rabbit ear wounds experienced the evolution from scar formation and maturation to degeneration. The scar index of 1-2 months was 2.29 ± 0.74 compared with 3 to 4 months (2) .82 ± 0.36) and 5 ~ 6 months (2.90 ± 0.84), respectively (P <0.0 5). The changes coincided with the increasing and decreasing of the degree of scar hyperplasia. Conclusions The hyperplastic scar formed by full-thickness skin defect in ventral horn of rabbit ears is similar to human hypertrophic scars. This model is one of the better animal models to study the mechanism of hypertrophic scars and to evaluate its treatment