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【目的】探讨麻疯树成熟叶片N、P2O5、K2O、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B共10种营养元素含量的动态变化和相关性,为麻疯树科学施肥提供参考依据。【方法】选取长势一致的麻疯树进行每株0、0.2、0.4、0.6 kg的复合肥施肥处理,在每月的中下旬取植株成熟叶片,测定其营养元素的动态变化特征,分析其相互关系。【结果】麻疯树叶片营养元素含量高低顺序为:K2O>N>Ca>Mg>P2O5>Mn>Fe>Zn>B>Cu。不同施肥处理对叶片营养元素含量有一定影响,其中N、K2O、Ca、Mn、Fe、Zn、B元素含量受施肥影响比较大,而P2O5、Mg、Cu受影响比较小。麻疯树的株高、总新梢生长量、地茎粗随着施肥量的增加而增加,果枝率随着施肥量的增加先增加后降低,果枝率最高的是施肥0.4 kg/株处理。【结论】施肥能促进麻疯树的生长,0.4 kg/株/年(15-15-15复合肥)时最利于麻疯树果枝的形成。麻疯树叶片的营养元素受施肥的影响,养分元素间有协同和拮抗作用,生产上要根据麻疯树的营养需求规律和需肥特性进行平衡施肥。
【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic changes and correlations of 10 nutrient elements in mature leaves of Jatropha curcas, including N, P2O5, K2O, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and B, . 【Method】 The compound fertilizer with 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 kg per plant was treated with Jatropha curcas, and the mature leaves of the plants were harvested in the middle and late of each month. The dynamic changes of nutrient elements were measured and analyzed. relationship. 【Result】 The results showed that the order of nutrient content in leaves of Jatropha curcas was K2O> N> Ca> Mg> P2O5> Mn> Fe> Zn> B> Cu. Different fertilization treatments affected the content of nutrient elements in leaves, and the content of N, K2O, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn and B were affected by fertilizer application, while P2O5, Mg and Cu were less affected. The plant height, total shoot growth and stem diameter of Jatropha curcas increased with the increase of fertilizer application. The fruiting branch rate increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilizer application. The highest fruiting branch rate was 0.4 kg / plant. 【Conclusion】 Fertilization can promote the growth of Jatropha curcas, and 0.4 kg / plant / year (15-15-15 compound fertilizer) is most conducive to the formation of Jatropha curcas. The nutrient elements of Jatropha curcas leaves are affected by fertilization, and there is synergism and antagonism between nutrient elements. Balanced fertilization should be carried out according to the nutritional requirements and nutrient requirements of Jatropha curcas.