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以陕西省关中线辣椒产区普遍种植的两个线辣椒品种多娇和辛香8号为试材,研究水分胁迫对其根系形态发育及产量的影响。试验采用盆栽方法,设置5个水分梯度:40%~50%(T1),50%~60%(T2),60%~70%(T3),70%~80%(T4),80%~90%(CK),测定其单株总根长、根体积、根表面积、根尖数、根交叉数、根分叉数、根平均直径、根冠比、单株结果数和单株产量等。结果表明,各处理的单株总根长、根体积、根表面积、根尖数、根交叉数、根分叉数在水分胁迫的第20~40天期间,增加速率明显减小,甚至出现负增长,说明此时期是线辣椒根系对水分胁迫最敏感的时期;不同处理之间单株总根长、根体积、根表面积、根尖数、根分叉数、根交叉数表现为CK>T4>T3>T2>T1,T1、T2在整个水分胁迫期间均显著地抑制了根系的生长,T3、T4主要在第20~40天期间显著抑制了根系生长;在整个胁迫期间,各处理的根冠比和根平均直径均大于对照,说明线辣椒在水分胁迫下,其根系吸收的水分会首先用于保证根系自身生长,且胁迫处理不利于细根的生长及侧根的发生;单株结果数和单株产量随着土壤水分含量的降低而减少;辛香8号在各胁迫处理下的根系生长受抑制程度及单株减产程度均大于多娇,说明辛香8号的耐旱性弱于多娇。
Two pepper varieties, Diaojiao Xixiang 8, commonly planted in the pepper producing area of Guanzhong of Shaanxi Province, were used as materials to study the effects of water stress on their root morphology and yield. The pot experiment was used to set up five water gradients: 40% ~ 50% (T1), 50% ~ 60% T2, 60% ~ 70% T3, 70% ~ 80% (CK). The total root length, root volume, root surface area, root tip number, root crossing number, root bifurcation number, root mean diameter, root / shoot ratio, number of plants per plant, . The results showed that the total root length, root volume, root surface area, root tip number, root crossing number and root bifurcation number of all treatments decreased significantly and even increased negatively during the first 20 to 40 days of water stress , Indicating that this period is the most sensitive period of pepper root system to water stress. The total root length, root volume, root surface area, root tip number, root branching number and root crossing number of different treatments showed CK> T4> T3> T2> T1, T1 and T2 significantly inhibited root growth during the whole water stress period. The growth of roots was inhibited mainly by T3 and T4 during the first 20-40 days. During the whole stress period, The average diameter of roots and roots were greater than the control, indicating that under water stress, the peppers under water stress will be first used to ensure root growth, and stress treatment is not conducive to the growth of fine roots and lateral roots; the number of single plant results and The yield per plant decreased with the decrease of soil moisture content. The inhibition of root growth and the yield per plant of Xinxiang No.8 were greater than those of Jiaojiao 8, indicating that the drought tolerance of Xinxiang 8 was weaker than that of Jiao.