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本文总结了慕尼黑工业大学关于煤矿中突出问题的研究。首先,指出了易发生突出的材料的一个主要力学特征,是材料参数在破坏后效区快速下降。接着,将简化弹塑性理论(或称初等理论)应用于研究突出,揭示了突出的某些基本机理。还详细讨论了临近巷道存在坍塌及考虑煤层内部剪应力时对突出的影响。最后给出了把坍塌形成当作突出处理以及把煤层顶底板岩石当作弹性体考虑的结果。将理论结果与现场现象进行了对比,并对预报及防止突出的方法用力学观点给予了解释。
This article summarizes the research on outstanding issues in coal mines at the Technical University of Munich. First, a major mechanical characteristic of the easily prone material is pointed out that the material parameters rapidly decline in the failure aftereffect zone. Then, the simplified elasto-plastic theory (or elementary theory) was applied to highlight the research, revealing some of the prominent basic mechanisms. The effect of the collapse of the adjacent roadway and the consideration of the internal shear stress of the coal seam is also discussed in detail. Finally, the results of taking the collapse formation as a prominent treatment and considering the coal seam roof and floor rock as elastic bodies are given. The theoretical results were compared with the on-site phenomena, and the methods for forecasting and preventing the highlights were explained with a mechanical point of view.