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地图是学生学习地里的重要工具,也是学习地里的第二语言。地图的重要性质,在于它是信息的载体,是经过概括的客观世界的模型,表达着各种自然和社会现象的空间分布、内在联系和时间上的发展变化。地图可以把似乎零散的地理事物用符号语言归结到图中进行综合归纳,条理化,能够清晰地呈现出地理知识的规律性,易于被学生接受掌握。地图能力是以地图为载体,以空间形象思维为基础,综合运用地理知识的能力。所以在教学中要提高学生运用地图及对地理知识的学习能力,就应围绕地图,从读图能力、迁移能力、绘图能力等方面展开教学,培养训练学生的地图能力。
Maps are an important tool in student learning and a second language in learning. The important nature of the map lies in that it is a carrier of information and a model of a generalized objective world that expresses the spatial distribution, internal relations and temporal changes of various natural and social phenomena. Map can appear fragmentary geographical things with a symbolic language attributed to the map for general induction, rationalization, can clearly show the regularity of geographic knowledge, easy to be accepted by the students. Map capacity is based on the map as a carrier, based on spatial image thinking, the ability to comprehensively use the geographical knowledge. Therefore, in teaching to improve students’ ability to use maps and learn geography knowledge, we should focus on the map, from the reading ability, transfer ability, drawing ability and other aspects of teaching, training students to train the map capabilities.