小麦与新麦草及高冰草属间不对称体细胞杂交的植株再生

• 作 者: 夏光敏 王槐 陈惠民
• 机 构: 山东大学生物系,山东大学生物系,山东大学生物系 济南 250100,济南 250100,济南 250100
• 出 处: 科学通报
• 发表日期: 1996年15期
• 关键词: 体细胞杂交 冰草属 体细胞杂种 高冰草 新麦草 愈伤组织 胞质杂种 Agropyron 对称核 裸燕麦

在植物体细胞杂交研究中,供体-受体不对称融合方法近年来倍受重视。人们常用X-或γ-射线辐射一方亲本作融合供体,以获得胞质杂种或不对称核杂种。但至今紫外线在不对称融合中的应用还未见报道。禾谷类的体细胞杂交,在水稻上已有较大进展,但在小麦进展缓慢,仅有小麦与多年生黑麦草及小麦与裸燕麦的原生质体融合获杂种愈伤组织的报道。近年来,我们曾以小麦与~(60)Co-γ射线处理的簇毛进行体细胞杂交,首次获得小麦不对称体细胞杂种植株。现在我们报道小麦与紫外线照射的新麦草(Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch) Nevski 2n=14)和高冰草(Agropyron elongatum (Host) Nevski 2n=70)的属间体细胞杂交也获得成功。

In plant somatic hybridization, donor-acceptor asymmetric fusion has drawn much attention in recent years. People often use X- or γ-rays to irradiate one of their parents as a fusion donor to obtain cybrids or asymmetric nuclear hybrids. But so far the application of UV in asymmetric fusion has not been reported. Somatic hybridization of cereals has made great progress in rice. However, in wheat, progress has been slow, and only hybrids of wheat with perennial ryegrass and protoplasts of wheat and naked oats have been reported to be hybrid callus. In recent years, we used somatic hybridization of cluster hairs treated with ~ (60) Co-γ rays and obtained the first wheat asymmetric somatic hybrid plants. Now we report that interspecific somatic hybridization of wheat with UV-irradiated Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch) Nevski 2n = 14 and Agropyron elongatum (Host) Nevski 2n = 70 has also been successful.