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目的探讨贵州省成年居民高胆固醇(TC)血症患病率及其危险因素,为该省预防控制高TC血症提供依据。方法选取2011年完成的贵州省慢性病及其危险因素调查的9 280名成年居民作为研究对象,应用问卷调查研究对象的基本信息、生活方式及慢性病患病情况;测量其身高、体重并检测血脂。统计分析该省高TC血症患病率及危险因素。数据分析采用SPSS19.0软件。结果贵州省成年居民高TC血症者总TC水平为(7.20±0.99)mmol/L,且随年龄增长呈增高趋势。高TC血症患病率为11.9%,女性(12.6%)高于男性(11.1%)(P<0.05);城市(16.2%)高于农村(10.4%)(P<0.05)。城市居民高TC血症患病率随年龄增长呈增高趋势;农村男性高TC血症患病率以45岁~年龄组最高,女性高TC血症患病率随年龄增长呈增高趋势。年龄、BMI≥24、食用动物内脏等为高胆固醇血症的危险因素,每日饮茶1次为高胆固醇血症的保护因素。结论贵州省成年居民高TC血症患病率高于全国水平;中老年是重点防治人群,尤其是老年女性;限量饮酒、保持健康体重、平衡膳食可预防高TC血症的发生。
Objective To explore the prevalence and risk factors of hypercholesteremia (TC) in adult population in Guizhou Province and provide the evidence for the prevention and control of hyperlipidemia in this province. Methods A total of 9 280 adult residents who were surveyed for chronic diseases and their risk factors in Guizhou Province in 2011 were selected as research subjects. The subjects’ basic information, life style and the prevalence of chronic diseases were surveyed by questionnaire. The height, weight and serum lipids were measured. Statistical analysis of the province’s high prevalence of hyperlipidemia and risk factors. Data analysis using SPSS19.0 software. Results The total TC level of hypercholesterolemia among adult residents in Guizhou Province was (7.20 ± 0.99) mmol / L, and increased with age. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 11.9% in women (12.6%) than in men (11.1%) (P <0.05), while in urban areas (16.2%) was higher than that in rural areas (10.4%) (P <0.05). The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in urban residents tended to increase with age. The prevalence of hypercholesteremia in rural males was the highest in the age group of 45 years old. The prevalence of hypercholesteremia in female patients tended to increase with age. Age, BMI ≥ 24, viscera of food animals and other risk factors for hypercholesterolemia, tea 1 times a day as a protective factor of hypercholesterolemia. Conclusion The prevalence of hypercholesteremia in adult residents in Guizhou Province is higher than that of the whole country. Middle-aged and elderly patients are the key prevention and treatment people, especially elderly women. Alcohol consumption is limited, and body weight is maintained. Balanced diet can prevent the occurrence of hyperlipidemia.