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采用新型熔池热源分层加载数学模型对SA508Gr4钢双面单道次焊接的温度场和应力场进行计算及试验验证,分析了焊接热影响区各微区转变过程及残余应力分布情况。结果表明,温度场模拟值与试验值基本吻合,性能不稳定的完全淬火区宽度为1560μm,占热影响区宽度的77.6%;首道焊缝两侧20 mm处出现600 MPa高横向拉伸残余应力区,第二道次高横向残余应力区出现在完全淬火区附近,而对于不完全淬火区组织形成压缩塑性变形趋势,X形坡口第二道焊接热作用可以抵消小部分首道焊的横向收缩。而两者纵向残余应力均以拉应力为主。
The temperature field and stress field of single pass welding of SA508Gr4 steel were calculated and tested by the mathematical model of stratified loading of heat pool of new molten pool, and the transformation process and residual stress distribution of each micro-zone in HAZ were analyzed. The results show that the simulated values of temperature field are in good agreement with the experimental values. The width of fully quenched zone with instable performance is 1560μm, accounting for 77.6% of the width of heat affected zone. The 600MPa high transverse tensile residual Stress zone and the second high horizontal residual stress zone appears near the complete quenching zone, whereas for the incomplete quenching zone, the compressive plastic deformation tendency is formed. The second welding heat effect of the X-shaped groove can counteract a small part of the initial welding Lateral contraction. Both the longitudinal residual stress are mainly tensile stress.