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利用籼型水稻 4个不育系和 4个恢复系配组的 4× 4不完全双列杂交 ,对其根系活力及其衰退特性进行了杂种优势和配合力分析。结果表明 ,(1)根系活力及其衰退值的广义遗传力均大于 85 %,说明两者可以作为育种指标。 (2 )两个性状的一般配合力及特殊配合力方差均极显著 ,说明基因加性效应和非加性效应均起重要作用 ,但根系活力以非加性效应为主 ,而其衰退值以加性效应为主。(3)龙特甫 A和镇恢 0 84具有较高的配合力和较大的特殊配合力方差 ,可作为优良亲本利用。 (4 )根系活力及其衰退值均表现正向优势 (衰退值负向优势为好 ) ,表明利用杂种优势改良根系生理活性这一性状比较困难 ,但通过亲本的适当选配仍能获得强优势组合。
Utilizing the 4 × 4 incomplete diallels of 4 male sterile lines and 4 restorer lines of indica rice, the heterosis and combining ability of root activity and its decay characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that (1) the general heritability of root activity and its decline value were both above 85%, indicating that both of them could serve as breeding indexes. (2) The general combining ability and the special combining ability variance of the two traits were extremely significant, which indicated that the additive and non-additive effects played an important role, but the root activity was dominated by non-additive effect. Addition-based. (3) Longtefu A and Zhenhui 0 84, with higher combining ability and greater variance of special combining ability, can be used as excellent parents. (4) Root activity and its decay value all showed a positive advantage (negative value of declining value was good), which indicated that it was more difficult to improve the physiological activity of root system by heterosis, but the superiority could still be obtained through the proper matching of parents combination.