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随着外阴癌发病率上升,发病年龄年轻化,外阴上皮内瘤样病变(VIN)作为癌前病变受到更多关注。阐述VIN病因学及分类、病理特征、临床特点、治疗方法、复发及恶化。VIN治疗方法目前缺乏统一标准,治疗目的是去除病灶、预防恶变、保留功能。治疗后复发是临床常见问题。虽然手术是解决该病主要手段,但免疫疗法、光动力疗法、聚焦超声治疗有助于保留外阴结构和功能,易于为患者接受。咪喹莫特是一种有前景的保守治疗药物,人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗接种将成为预防寻常型VIN的有力措施。
With the rising incidence of vulvar cancer, younger age of onset, vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) as a precancerous lesions receive more attention. Explain VIN etiology and classification, pathological features, clinical features, treatment, relapse and deterioration. VIN treatment currently lack uniform standards, the purpose of treatment is to remove the lesion, prevent malignant, retain function. Recurrence after treatment is a common clinical problem. Although surgery is the primary means of resolving the disease, immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and focused ultrasound therapy help preserve the structure and function of the vulva and are easily accepted by patients. Imiquimod is a promising conservative treatment and HPV vaccination will be a powerful prophylaxis against unusual forms of VIN.