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一个计算机系统,必须配上一套相应的工作程序,并在这些程序的控制下,使系统能按设计要求进行工作。所以程序是计算机应用的一个重要关键。程序从形式上看,是一串指令和数据的有序排列,但其实质是用计算机的指令(或计算机所能接受的某种语言),对要计算机处理的每个具体问题的处理方法、步骤以及过程进行完整的描述,完成这一描述的工作过程称为程序设计。所以,讨论程序和程序设计,不仅要熟悉和了解计算机,而且也不能脱离具体的问题或对象,不能脱离对这些问题或对象的处理和控制的方法。
A computer system must be accompanied by a set of corresponding work procedures, and under the control of these procedures, so that the system can work according to design requirements. So the program is an important application of computer. Formally, a program is an ordered array of instructions and data, but its essence is to use the instructions of a computer (or some language acceptable to a computer) to deal with each specific problem to be handled by the computer, Steps and processes for a complete description of the work done to complete the description of this process is called programming. Therefore, the discussion of programs and programming should not only be familiar with computers, but also be divorced from specific problems or objects, and should not deviate from the means of handling and controlling these problems or objects.