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当幼儿受到伤害性威胁或处于紧张焦虑状态时,他们往往会采取一些逃避伤害和减轻紧张焦虑的措施,这就是幼儿的心理防卫。心理防卫有积极和消极之分,积极的心理防卫是指人们采取积极有效的措施,从本源上消除心理紧张的产生。消极的心理防卫则是指人们采取的行动,只能暂时减轻其内心的紧张而不能从根本上消除内心的紧张。由于能力、经验的局限,幼儿所采取的心理防卫措施往往是消极的。研究幼儿的心理防卫措施,可以帮助我们了解幼儿心理问题背后的原因,进而更有针对性地纠正幼儿的心理行为问题。幼儿的心理防卫措施主要有:
When children are threatened or in a state of nausea or anxiety, they often take some measures to evade injuries and reduce anxiety. This is the psychological defense of young children. Psychological defense has positive and negative points, and active psychological defense means that people take active and effective measures to eliminate psychological tension from its origin. Negative psychological defense refers to actions taken by people and only temporarily lightens their inner tension and can not fundamentally eliminate inner tension. Due to the limitations of ability and experience, the psychological defense measures taken by young children tend to be negative. Studying the psychological defense of young children can help us understand the reasons behind the psychological problems of young children and then correct the psychological behavior problems of young children in a more targeted manner. Children’s psychological defense measures are: