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最近十年来,地震前兆的研究和地震预报技术的发展均取得了重要的进展。地震活动区,许多地壳特性在地震初动前应力积累过程中都在发生变化。我们已观察到具有判断性变化的某些特性,如长期倾斜、应变、地壳上升、地震波速、磁化率和剩余磁化,地下水氡辐射、地震重复率和电阻率。但迄今所获得的大量结果与地震的发生仅仅是经验上的关系。然而,用地壳内由应力引起扩容的物理模型,来阐述和解释地震前地球物理条件变化所作的许多独立观测,已取得某些成功。受应力作用的岩石扩容是一种在破裂前发
In the recent ten years, important advances have been made in the study of earthquake precursors and the development of earthquake prediction technology. In the seismic activity area, many crustal characteristics are changing during stress accumulation before the initial earthquake. We have observed certain characteristics that have a decisive change, such as long-term tilt, strain, crustal ascent, seismic velocity, magnetic susceptibility and residual magnetization, groundwater radon radiation, seismic repetition rate and resistivity. However, the large number of results so far obtained is only an empirical one in relation to the occurrence of earthquakes. However, there have been some successes with the use of physical models of stress-induced expansion in the earth’s crust to illustrate and explain many of the independent observations of pre-seismic geophysical conditions. Stress-induced rock expansion is a type of rupture before it occurs